the ratio of live births in an area to the population of that area; expressed per 1000 population per year
"The region's fertility rate has dropped significantly, falling below ten live births per thousand people annually."
the property of producing abundantly and sustaining vigorous and luxuriant growth
"he praised the richness of the soil"
"weeds lovely in their rankness"
The condition, or the degree, of being fertile.
"The high fertility of the valley's soil allows farmers to grow abundant crops every year."
In plain English: Fertility is how easily something, like plants or people, can produce new life.
"The fertility of the soil allows farmers to grow abundant crops every year."
Usage: Fertility refers to the natural ability to conceive and produce offspring in humans or animals, as well as the capacity of soil to yield crops. Unlike general productivity, it specifically measures reproductive success rather than just growth potential.
The word fertility comes from the Old French term fertilité, which was borrowed directly into English via Latin. It originally described the quality of being able to produce or yield something abundantly.