a productive insight
"The scientist's breakthrough came when she finally understood how the enzyme regulated cell growth."
making an important discovery
"The research team celebrated their breakthrough after finally developing a new vaccine that could prevent the disease."
a penetration of a barrier such as an enemy's defense
"The army achieved a major breakthrough after shelling through the enemy's fortified defenses."
An advance through and past enemy lines.
"The army made a daring breakthrough, pushing far beyond the fortified enemy lines to secure the valley."
In plain English: A breakthrough is when you finally solve a big problem after trying many times before.
"The medical team celebrated their breakthrough after finally finding an effective treatment for the disease."
Characterized by major progress or overcoming some obstacle.
"The researchers celebrated the breakthrough after finally developing a vaccine that could overcome the virus's rapid mutation."
In plain English: A breakthrough describes something that suddenly makes it much easier to solve a difficult problem or achieve a big goal.
"The breakthrough design made the new phone much lighter and faster."
Usage: Use this adjective to describe any situation where significant obstacles have been overcome, such as medical research or personal challenges. Avoid using it for minor improvements that do not represent a decisive shift in the status quo.
From break + through. Compare German Durchbruch and Dutch doorbraak ("breakthrough", literally "through-break").