/tʌf/
Tough has 16 different meanings across 3 categories:
someone who learned to fight in the streets rather than being formally trained in the sport of boxing
"The ring announcer warned that tonight's challenger was a tough street fighter, not a pro."
A person who obtains things by force; a thug or bully.
"The local tough was known for intimidating shopkeepers into giving him their best products without paying a dime."
In plain English: A tough person is someone who stays strong and doesn't give up even when things are very difficult.
"The rough patches on this road are real tough, so drive carefully."
To endure.
"She was tough through the entire marathon despite her blistered feet."
In plain English: To tough is to make something hard or strong by pressing it firmly against another object.
"The coach had to tough out the final minutes of the game without any players available."
resistant to cutting or chewing
"The steak was so tough that I couldn't cut it even with a sharp knife."
making great mental demands; hard to comprehend or solve or believe
"a baffling problem"
"I faced the knotty problem of what to have for breakfast"
"a problematic situation at home"
Strong and resilient; sturdy.
"The old oak tree stood tough against the fierce winter storm, its branches bending but never breaking."
In plain English: Tough means strong and able to handle hard situations without giving up.
"The job market is tough right now, so finding a new position will take some time."
Usage: Use tough to describe materials that are hard to break or people who remain strong under pressure, rather than simply meaning difficult. It often functions as an intensifier in phrases like "a tough nut to crack," where it implies resilience against challenges.
Used to indicate lack of sympathy
"Stop feeling sorry for him; he's tough and doesn't need your pity."
The word "tough" comes from Old English, where it originally described something that was sticky or glutinous. Over time, the meaning shifted in Middle English to refer to materials that are hard and resistant to breaking.