the position of physician who is receiving special training in a hospital (usually after completing an internship)
"After finishing her medical school, she began her residency at the city hospital to specialize in cardiology."
The condition of being a resident of a particular place.
"The residency requirements mandated that new citizens live in the state for at least two years before applying for voting rights."
In plain English: Residency is where someone lives permanently, usually their main home.
"His residency at the hospital ended last month after three years there."
Usage: Residency refers to your legal status as an inhabitant or the period you must live in a specific location, such as during medical training. It is often confused with residence, which simply describes where someone lives without implying official standing or duration requirements.
The word residency comes from the French verb résider combined with a suffix indicating a state of being. It originally referred to the act of living somewhere before evolving into its current meaning of an official period of service in a specific role.